Escape Code
| Escape Sequence | Representation |
|---|---|
| \a | alert |
| \n | newline |
| \t | Horizontal Tab |
| \v | Vertical Tab |
| ',",? | Symbol |
| \nnn | ASCII in octal |
| \xhh | ASCII |
| \uhhhh | Unicode |
| \uhhhhhhhh | Unicode |
Escape Character
echo -e "\033[32;31mstring \033[0m" # Different format seperated by ;
echo "\e[32;31mstring\e[0m"
echo "\x1b[32;31mstring\x1b[0m"(x): not work in iterm
| Format | Representation |
|---|---|
| 0 | Default |
| 1 | Dim |
| 4 | Underline |
| 5 | Blink (x) |
| 7 | Reverse (invert the foreground and background colors) |
| 8 | Hidden (x) |
| 9 | strikes (x) |
| 20+i | Reset above values |
| 39 | Default fg color |
| 30+i | 8 color: Black,R,G,Y,B,M,C,Light gray |
| 90+i | 16 color: Dark gray,lR,lG,lY,lB,lM,lC,W |
| 38;5;ASCII | 256 color |
| 38;2;R;G;B | RGB color |
| 49 | Default bg color |
| 40+i | 8 color for bg |
| 100+i | 16 color for bg |
| 48;5;ASCII | 256 color |
| 48;2;R;G;B | RGB color |
Without m:
| Name | Representation |
|---|---|
| K | Delete everything from the cursor to the end of the line. |
| 2K | erases everything written on line before this |
| nA | moves cursor n line above |
| nB | moves cursor n line under |
| nC | moves cursor n spacing to the right |
| nD | moves cursor n spacing to the left |
| s | save cursor position |
| u | restore cursor position |
| ?25l | Hide cursor |
| ?25h | Show cursor |
| H | Move the cursor to the upper-left corner of the screen |
| r;cH | Move the cursor to row r, column c (Start at 1) |
| 2J | Clear the screen |
terminfo
使用 tput 调用 terminfo 数据库
echo $(tput setab 0)$(tput setaf 1)'string' # Set background and foreground
echo $(tput bold)'string' # dim, smul, rmul, rev, smso, rmso, sgr0
echo $(tput clear) # 清屏
echo $(tput sc) # 保存当前光标位置
echo $(tput cup 10 13) # 光标移动
echo $(tput civis) # 光标不可见
echo $(tput cnorm) # 光标可见
echo $(tput rc) # 显示输出C Program
- isattr(STDOUT_FILENO): 判断是否为终端
- 屏幕输入：
<termios.h><unistd.h>- tcgetattr
- tcsetattr
- 获取终端大小：
<sys/ioctl.h>- struct winsize w
- ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
- w.ws_row, w.ws_col
tcgetattr
int tcgetattr(int fd, struct termios *termios_p);
- struct termios
- c_iflag 输入模式
- c_oflag 输出模式
- c_cflag 控制模式
- c_lflag 局部模式
- ECHO 显示字符
- ICANON 启用特殊字符
- c_cc 特殊控制字符
tcsetattr
int tcsetattr(int fd, int optional_actions, const struct termios *termios_p);
- STDIN_FILENO: 标准输入
- optional_action:
- TCSANOW 立即改变
- TCSADRAIN 当目前输出完成时改变
- TCSAFLUSH 当目前输入完成时改变并舍弃目前所有输入
void setBufferedInput(bool enable) {
static bool enabled = true;
static struct termios old;
struct termios new;
if (enable && !enabled) {
tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&old);
enabled = true;
} else if (!enable && enabled) {
tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO,&new);
old = new;
new.c_lflag &=(~ICANON & ~ECHO);
tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&new);
enabled = false;
}
}游戏模型
next_frame = 0;
while (1) {
while (uptime() < next_frame) ; // 等待一帧的到来
while ((key = readkey()) != _KEY_NONE) {
kbd_event(key); // 处理键盘事件
}
game_progress(); // 处理一帧游戏逻辑，更新物体的位置等
screen_update(); // 重新绘制屏幕
next_frame += 1000 / FPS; // 计算下一帧的时间
}