Two uneven burning ropes
You have two ropes that each burn for exactly one hour when lit from one end, but they burn non-uniformly along their length.
Using only matches (no cutting to measure), how can you measure 45 minutes?
Outline:
- Light both ends of rope A and one end of rope B at the same time.
- When A burns out, 30 minutes have passed; then light the other end of B.
- B finishes in 15 more minutes. Total: 45 minutes from the start.
(One rope lit at both ends measures 30 minutes.)